endosergЭндокринная хирургияEndocrine Surgery2306-35132310-3965Типография «Печатных дел Мастер»10.14341/serg12692endoserg-12692Research ArticleОбзорReviewСиндром неадекватной секреции антидиуретического гормона в практике эндокринологаSyndrome of inappropriate secretion of antidiuretic hormone in the practice of endocrinologisthttps://orcid.org/0000-0003-4699-5536ДзагаховаАгунда ВладимировнаDzagaxovaAgunda V.

Клинический ординатор; eLibrary SPIN: 5326-7600.

Москва

Agunda Vladimirovna Dzagakhova - Clinical resident; eLibrary SPIN: 5326-7600.

Moscow

ag.dzagahova@yandex.ruhttps://orcid.org/0000-0003-2094-8731КатамадзеНино НиколаевнаKatamadzeNino N.

Клинический ординатор, eLibrary SPIN: 6755-9320

117036, Москва, ул. Дмитрия Ульянова, д. 11, к. 2

Nino Nikolaevna Katamadze - clinical resident, eLibrary SPIN: 6755-9320.

Dmitry Ulyanova street 11 bld 2, 117036 Moscow

nincho.1994@mail.ruhttps://orcid.org/0000-0001-6539-466XПигароваЕкатерина АлександровнаPigarovaEkaterina A.

Доктор медицинских наук; eLibrary SPIN: 6912-6331; Scopus Author ID: 55655098500; Researcher ID: T-9424-2018.

Москва

Ekaterina Aleksandrovna Pigarova - MD, PhD; eLibrary SPIN: 6912-6331; Scopus Author ID: 55655098500; Researcher ID: T-9424-2018.

Moscow

kpigarova@gmail.comНациональный медицинский исследовательский центр эндокринологииРоссияEndocrinology Research CentreRussian Federation202018062021143412Copyright © Дзагахова А.В., Катамадзе Н.Н., Пигарова Е.А., 20212021Дзагахова А.В., Катамадзе Н.Н., Пигарова Е.А.Dzagaxova A.V., Katamadze N.N., Pigarova E.A.Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.https://www.surg-endojournals.ru/jour/article/view/12692

Гипонатриемия — это наиболее частое нарушение водно-электролитного баланса, встречающееся в клинической практике. Состояния, ассоциированные с гипонатриемией, в 15–20% случаев требуют госпитализации в стационар. Снижение уровня натрия ниже 135 ммоль/л является предиктором неблагоприятного исхода при широком спектре заболеваний, поэтому требует междисциплинарного подхода. Данная проблема ведет к увеличению осложнений, длительности пребывания пациентов в стационаре и смертности. Очевидно, при выборе терапии пациентам с гипонатриемией необходим персонализированный подход.

Обзор сосредоточен на синдроме неадекватной секреции антидиуретического гормона (СНСАДГ), обсуждаются современные представления об этиопатогенетических факторах, о месте СНСАДГ в классификации различных форм гипонатриемии. СНСАДГ составляет примерно одну треть всех случаев гипонатриемии и встречается в эндокринологии чаще других водно-электролитных нарушений наряду с центральным несахарным диабетом, в частности, после нейрохирургических вмешательств по поводу различных заболеваний гипофиза. За последние два десятилетия с момента открытия и активного изучения антагонистов рецепторов вазопрессина методы терапии гипонатриемии, в том числе СНСАДГ, претерпевали значительные изменения. В данном обзоре приводятся современные подходы к лечению СНСАДГ, которые основаны на международных клинических рекомендациях.

Hyponatremia is the most common disorder of water and electrolyte balance encountered in clinical practice. Conditions associated with hyponatremia require hospitalization in 15–20% of cases. Hyponatremia is a predictor of poor outcome in a wide range of diseases and therefore requires an interdisciplinary approach. This problem leads to an increase in complications and the length of hospital stay and mortality. The review focuses on the syndrome of inappropriate secretion of antidiuretic hormone (SIADH), which accounts for approximately one third of all cases of hyponatremia and is more common in endocrinology than other fluid and electrolyte disorders along with central diabetes insipidus. The article presents modern approaches to the treatment of SIADH based on international clinical guidelines.

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The authors declare that there are no conflicts of interest present.