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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">endoserg</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Эндокринная хирургия</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Endocrine Surgery</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">2306-3513</issn><issn pub-type="epub">2310-3965</issn><publisher><publisher-name>Типография «Печатных дел Мастер»</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.14341/serg12718</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">endoserg-12718</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>Оригинальное исследование</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>Original study</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Медиальная тиреоидэктомия — результаты первых 77 операций</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Tension-free thyroidectomy — results of the initial 77 operations</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1903-5081</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Слепцов</surname><given-names>И. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Sleptsov</surname><given-names>I. V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Слепцов Илья Валерьевич, д.м.н., врач-хирург, SPIN-код: 2481-4331, Author ID: 770770</p><p>188800, г. Выборг, ул. Рубежная, 25-95 </p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Ilya V. Sleptsov, MD, PhD, Professor</p><p>188800, Vyborg, str. Rubezhnaya, 25-95</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">newsurgery@yandex.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3001-664X</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Черников</surname><given-names>Р. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Chernikov</surname><given-names>R. A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Черников Роман Анатольевич, д.м.н., заведующий отделением, SPIN-код: 7093-1088</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Roman A. Chernikov, MD, PhD</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">yaddd@yandex.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7912-4580</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Саблин</surname><given-names>И. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Sablin</surname><given-names>I. V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Саблин Илья Владимирович, врач-хирург, SPIN-код: 5479-0942, Author ID: 740708</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Ilya V. Sablin, MD, surgeon</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">sablin_ilya@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9225-0626</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Пушкарук</surname><given-names>А. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Pushkaruk</surname><given-names>A. A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Пушкарук Александр Александрович, врач общей практики, врач-хирург</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Alexander A. Pushkaruk, MD, surgeon, general practioner</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">goodpush91@gmail.com</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6594-8845</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Тимофеева</surname><given-names>Н. И.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Timofeeva</surname><given-names>N. I.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Тимофеева Наталья Игоревна, к.м.н., врач-хирург, SPIN-код: 7693-0665, Author ID: 206264</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Natalia I. Timofeeva, MD, PhD, surgeon</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">natalytim@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-2"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Клиника высоких медицинских технологий им. Н.И. Пирогова Санкт-Петербургского государственного&#13;
университета; Северо-Западный центр эндокринологии и эндокринной хирургии</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Saint-Petersburg State University Hospital; North-West Center of Endocrinology and Endocrine Surgery</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-2"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Клиника высоких медицинских технологий им. Н.И. Пирогова Санкт-Петербургского государственного&#13;
университета</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Saint-Petersburg State University Hospital</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2021</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>24</day><month>02</month><year>2022</year></pub-date><volume>15</volume><issue>2</issue><fpage>13</fpage><lpage>21</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Слепцов И.В., Черников Р.А., Саблин И.В., Пушкарук А.А., Тимофеева Н.И., 2022</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2022</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Слепцов И.В., Черников Р.А., Саблин И.В., Пушкарук А.А., Тимофеева Н.И.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Sleptsov I.V., Chernikov R.A., Sablin I.V., Pushkaruk A.A., Timofeeva N.I.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://www.surg-endojournals.ru/jour/article/view/12718">https://www.surg-endojournals.ru/jour/article/view/12718</self-uri><abstract><sec><title>ОБОСНОВАНИЕ</title><p>ОБОСНОВАНИЕ. Хирургами во всем мире прикладываются значительные усилия для снижения вероятности развития осложнений при операциях на щитовидной железе (ЩЖ), таких как травматизация возвратных гортанных нервов, нарушение кровоснабжения околощитовидных желез.</p></sec><sec><title>ЦЕЛЬ</title><p>ЦЕЛЬ. Совершенствование методики тиреоидэктомии для снижения риска послеоперационных осложнений.</p></sec><sec><title>МАТЕРИАЛЫ И МЕТОДЫ</title><p>МАТЕРИАЛЫ И МЕТОДЫ. Критерием включения в исследование явилась первичная операция на ЩЖ. Показаниями к операции явились папиллярный и медуллярный рак ЩЖ, фолликулярные опухоли (Bethesda IV), болезнь Грейвса. Объем ЩЖ у пациентов находился в пределах 12–70 мл. Нами была предложена методика медиальной тиреоидэктомии, отличающаяся от наиболее часто используемой методики операции рядом особенностей: проведением полной диссекции связки Берри и рассечением терминальных ветвей нижних щитовидных артерий и вены в качестве первого этапа операции; наличием только латеральной тракции доли ЩЖ при полном отсутствии тракции в медиальном направлении; мобилизацией верхней околощитовидной железы с медиальной поверхности доли ЩЖ; выведением в операционную рану доли ЩЖ, начиная от нижнего полюса, только после полной мобилизации доли от связки Берри, сосудов, околощитовидных желез; пересечением сосудов верхнего полюса доли в качестве последнего этапа операции, при этом полностью мобилизованная доля легко отводится вниз, что увеличивает расстояние между наружной ветвью верхнего гортанного нерва и верхним полюсом доли. При операциях применялись переменный и постоянный нейромониторинг, оптическое увеличение, налобный осветитель. Контроль функции гортани производился до операции и в 1-е послеоперационные сутки. После проведения тиреоидэктомии производился контроль уровня паратгормона и ионизированного кальция крови (в день операции, на 1-й послеоперационный день, через 14 дней после операции).</p></sec><sec><title>РЕЗУЛЬТАТЫ</title><p>РЕЗУЛЬТАТЫ. Методика была применена одним хирургом при проведении 77 последовательных операций на ЩЖ. В ходе исследования выполнено 33 лобэктомии, 13 лобэктомий с ипсилатеральной центральной шейной лимфодиссекцией, 21 тиреоидэктомия, 8 тиреоидэктомий с центральной шейной лимфодиссекцией, 2 тиреоидэктомии с центральной и боковой шейной лимфодиссекцией. Нарушения функции возвратного гортанного нерва не встречалось ни в одном случае. Транзиторный гипопаратиреоз отмечен у одного пациента, однако через 2 нед после операции уровни паратгормона и кальция крови нормализовались.</p></sec><sec><title>ЗАКЛЮЧЕНИЕ</title><p>ЗАКЛЮЧЕНИЕ. Первичные результаты исследования позволяют рекомендовать данную методику к дальнейшему использованию и изучению.</p></sec><sec><title> </title><p> </p></sec><sec><title> </title><p> </p></sec><sec><title> </title><p> </p></sec><sec><title> </title><p> </p></sec><sec><title> </title><p> </p></sec><sec><title> </title><p> </p></sec><sec><title> </title><p> </p></sec><sec><title> </title><p> </p></sec><sec><title> </title><p> </p></sec><sec><title> </title><p> </p></sec><sec><title> </title><p> </p></sec><sec><title> </title><p> </p></sec><sec><title> </title><p> </p></sec></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><sec><title>BACKGROUND</title><p>BACKGROUND: Surgeons from all over the world make considerable efforts to reduce thyroid intraoperative complications such as recurrent laryngeal nerves trauma and parathyroid vascular supply damage.</p></sec><sec><title>AIM</title><p>AIM: The aim of the study was improving thyroidectomy technique to reduce the rate of postoperative complications.</p></sec><sec><title>MATERIALS AND METHODS</title><p>MATERIALS AND METHODS: Inclusion criteria were primary thyroid operation in cases of papillary or medullary cancer, follicular tumours (Bethesda IV) and Grave’s disease. Thyroid volume ranged from 12–70 ml. Tension-free technique of thyroidectomy (TFT) was suggested by the authors of this study. Key points of TFT are the following: the first step is the complete dissection of Berry ligament fibers and terminal branches of lower thyroid arteries and vein. There is only lateral traction while medial traction is not applied at all. Mobilization of the upper parathyroid gland is performed at the medial thyroid surface. Thyroid lobe is extracted out of its bed beginning with the lower pole only after complete dissection of Berry’s ligament, vessels and parathyroid glands. The last step of the operation is the dissection of the upper pole thyroid vessels. The mobilized lobe is easily withdrawn downwards, that leads to space increase between external branch of the superior laryngeal nerve and the upper pole of the lobe. Transient and continuous neuromonitoring as well as optical magnification and headlamps were used during operations. Vocal cords function was controlled before and after surgery (on the first day) by means of ultrasound or endoscopic laryngoscopy. Ionized calcium and parathyroid hormone levels were checked in cases of total thyroidectomy group on the day of surgery, on the 1st and 14th postoperative days.</p></sec><sec><title>RESULTS</title><p>RESULTS: 77 consecutive patients were included into the study (continuous sampling of patients). 33 hemithyroidectomies, 13 hemithyroidectomies with central ipsilateral neck dissection, 21 thyroidectomies, 8 thyroidectomies with central neck dissection, 2 thyroidectomies with central and lateral neck dissection were performed by the same surgeon. All the operations were performed by tension-free technique (TFT). There were no cases of loss of signal from the recurrent laryngeal nerves function during all the operations. One case of postoperative transient hypoparathyroidism finished with normalization of parathyroid hormone and calcium levels in 2 weeks after the operation.</p></sec><sec><title>CONCLUSION</title><p>CONCLUSION: initial experience in TFT allows to recommend this procedure for further practicing and examination.</p></sec></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>медиальная тиреоидэктомия</kwd><kwd>методика тиреоидэктомии</kwd><kwd>осложнения после тиреоидэктомии</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>tension-free thyroidectomy</kwd><kwd>TFT</kwd><kwd>thyroidectomy technique</kwd><kwd>thyroidectomy complications</kwd></kwd-group><funding-group><funding-statement xml:lang="ru">СПбГУ</funding-statement></funding-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Rosato L, Avenia N, Bernante P et al. 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