<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<!DOCTYPE article PUBLIC "-//NLM//DTD JATS (Z39.96) Journal Publishing DTD v1.3 20210610//EN" "JATS-journalpublishing1-3.dtd">
<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">endoserg</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Эндокринная хирургия</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Endocrine Surgery</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">2306-3513</issn><issn pub-type="epub">2310-3965</issn><publisher><publisher-name>Типография «Печатных дел Мастер»</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.14341/2306-3513-2012-4-4-10</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">endoserg-3992</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>Статьи</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>Articles</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Методы топической диагностики АКТГ-продуцирующих нейроэндокринных опухолей различной локализации (обзор литературы)</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Methods of topical diagnosis of ectopic ACTH-producing tumors of different localization (review of the literature)</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Latkina</surname><given-names>N V</given-names></name></name-alternatives><email xlink:type="simple">latkina_enc@mail.ru</email></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Dobreva</surname><given-names>E A</given-names></name></name-alternatives><email xlink:type="simple">-</email></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Kuznetsov</surname><given-names>N S</given-names></name></name-alternatives><email xlink:type="simple">-</email></contrib></contrib-group><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2012</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>15</day><month>12</month><year>2012</year></pub-date><volume>6</volume><issue>4</issue><issue-title>№4 (2012)</issue-title><fpage>4</fpage><lpage>10</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Latkina N.V., Dobreva E.A., Kuznetsov N.S., 2012</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2012</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Latkina N.V., Dobreva E.A., Kuznetsov N.S.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Latkina N.V., Dobreva E.A., Kuznetsov N.S.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://www.surg-endojournals.ru/jour/article/view/3992">https://www.surg-endojournals.ru/jour/article/view/3992</self-uri><abstract><p>Топическая диагностика АКТГ-продуцирующих нейроэндокринных опухолей – важнейший этап в обследовании больных с АКТГ-эктопическим синдромом, так как одним из основных методов лечения таких больных является хирургический. Существует множество методов топической диагностики АКТГ-продуцирующих опухолей, которые имеют свои достоинства и недостатки. В то же время до настоящего момента ни один из существующих методов исследования не гарантирует 100%-ный результат, что приводит к получению ложноположительных заключений и, как следствие, проведению необоснованного хирургического вмешательства. В статье обсуждаются основные используемые на данный момент методы визуализации АКТГ-продуцирующих опухолей, приводится их сравнительная характеристика и обсуждается оптимальный диагностический алгоритм.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><p>Topical diagnostic methods in ACTH-producing neuroendocrine tumors with various localization. Topical diagnostic of ACTH-producing neuroendocrine tumors is a major stage in management of patients with ACTH-producing syndrome, because one of the main methods of treatment of such patients is surgical. There are several methods of topical diagnostic of ACTH-producing tumors with ectopic ocalization which have some advantages and disadvantages. At the same time until now any of existing methods of research doesn't guarantee 100% result that leads to obtaining the false positive conclusions and, as a result, carrying out unreasonable surgical operation. This report is about the main methods of topical diagnosis and their comparative characteristics. Besides possible ways to increase sensitivity and efficiency of methods and improve results are discussed in article.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>АКТГ-эктопический синдром</kwd><kwd>КТ</kwd><kwd>МРТ</kwd><kwd>ПЭТ</kwd><kwd>сцинтиграфия</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>ectopic ACTH-syndrome</kwd><kwd>CT scan</kwd><kwd>MRT</kwd><kwd>PET</kwd><kwd>scintiraphy</kwd></kwd-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Newell-Price J., Bertagna X., Grossman A.B. et al. Cushing’s syndrome. Lancet. 2006; 367: 1605–1617.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Newell-Price J., Bertagna X., Grossman A.B. et al. Cushing’s syndrome. Lancet. 2006; 367: 1605–1617.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit2"><label>2</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Aniszewski J.P., Young W.F., Thompson G.B. et al. Cushing syndrome due to ectopic adrenocorticotropic hormone secretion. Wld J. Surg. 2001; 25: 934–940.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Aniszewski J.P., Young W.F., Thompson G.B. et al. Cushing syndrome due to ectopic adrenocorticotropic hormone secretion. Wld J. Surg. 2001; 25: 934–940.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit3"><label>3</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Ilias I., Torpy D.J., Pacak K., Mullen N. et al. Cushing’s syndrome due to ectopic corticotropin secretion: twenty years’ experience at the National Institutes of Health. J. Clin. Endocrinol. Metab. 2005; 90: 4955–4962.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Ilias I., Torpy D.J., Pacak K., Mullen N. et al. Cushing’s syndrome due to ectopic corticotropin secretion: twenty years’ experience at the National Institutes of Health. J. Clin. Endocrinol. Metab. 2005; 90: 4955–4962.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit4"><label>4</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Scully R.E., Mark E.J., McNneely W.F. Case 4-2000. The New Engl. J. Med. 2000; 10: 414–420.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Scully R.E., Mark E.J., McNneely W.F. Case 4-2000. The New Engl. J. Med. 2000; 10: 414–420.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit5"><label>5</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Rosch T., Lightdale C.J., Botet J.F. et al. Localization of pancreatic endocrine tumors by endoscopic ultrasonography. N. Engl. J. Med. 1992; 326: 1721–1726.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Rosch T., Lightdale C.J., Botet J.F. et al. Localization of pancreatic endocrine tumors by endoscopic ultrasonography. N. Engl. J. Med. 1992; 326: 1721–1726.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit6"><label>6</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Javorsky B.R., Carroll T.B., Findling J.W. Differential Diagnosis of Cushing’s Syndrome. New York: Springer, 2011: 85–107.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Javorsky B.R., Carroll T.B., Findling J.W. Differential Diagnosis of Cushing’s Syndrome. New York: Springer, 2011: 85–107.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit7"><label>7</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Sahdev A., Rodney H., Reznek J. et al. Imaging in Cushing’s syndrome. Arq. Bras. Endocrinol. Metab. 2007; 51/8: 1319–1328.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Sahdev A., Rodney H., Reznek J. et al. Imaging in Cushing’s syndrome. Arq. Bras. Endocrinol. Metab. 2007; 51/8: 1319–1328.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit8"><label>8</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Horton K.M., Kamel I., Hofmann L. et al. Carcinoid tumors of the small bowel: a multitechnique imaging approach. Am. J. Roentgenol. 2004; 182: 559–567.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Horton K.M., Kamel I., Hofmann L. et al. Carcinoid tumors of the small bowel: a multitechnique imaging approach. Am. J. Roentgenol. 2004; 182: 559–567.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit9"><label>9</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Isidori A.M., Kaltsas G.A., Pozza C. et al. The ectopic adrenocorticotropin syndrome: clinical features, diagnosis, management, and long-term follow-up. J. Clin. Endocrinol. Metab. 2006; 91: 371–377.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Isidori A.M., Kaltsas G.A., Pozza C. et al. The ectopic adrenocorticotropin syndrome: clinical features, diagnosis, management, and long-term follow-up. J. Clin. Endocrinol. Metab. 2006; 91: 371–377.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit10"><label>10</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Krakoff J., Koch C.A., Calis K.A. et al. Use of a parenteral propylene glycol-containing etomidate preparation for the long-term management of ectopic Cushing' s syndrome. J. Clin. Endocrinol. Metab. 2001; 86: 4104–4108.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Krakoff J., Koch C.A., Calis K.A. et al. Use of a parenteral propylene glycol-containing etomidate preparation for the long-term management of ectopic Cushing' s syndrome. J. Clin. Endocrinol. Metab. 2001; 86: 4104–4108.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit11"><label>11</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Fasshauer M., Lincke T., Witzigmann H. et al. Ectopic Cushing' syndrome caused by a neuroendocrine carcinoma of the mesentery. BMC Cancer 2006; 6: 108.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Fasshauer M., Lincke T., Witzigmann H. et al. Ectopic Cushing' syndrome caused by a neuroendocrine carcinoma of the mesentery. BMC Cancer 2006; 6: 108.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit12"><label>12</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Beuschlein F., Hammer G.D. Ectopic pro-opiomelanocortin syndrome. Endocrinol. Metab. Clin. North Am. 2002; 31: 191–234.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Beuschlein F., Hammer G.D. Ectopic pro-opiomelanocortin syndrome. Endocrinol. Metab. Clin. North Am. 2002; 31: 191–234.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit13"><label>13</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Tsagarakis S., Christoforaki M., Giannopoulou H. et al. A reappraisal of the utility of somatostain receptor scintigraphy in patients with ectopic adrenocorticotropin Cushing’s syndrome. J. Clin. Endocrinol. Metab. 2003; 88: 4754–4747.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Tsagarakis S., Christoforaki M., Giannopoulou H. et al. A reappraisal of the utility of somatostain receptor scintigraphy in patients with ectopic adrenocorticotropin Cushing’s syndrome. J. Clin. Endocrinol. Metab. 2003; 88: 4754–4747.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit14"><label>14</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Pacak K., Ilias I., Chen C.C. et al. The role of [18F]fluorodeoxyglucose positron emission tomography and [111In]diethylenetriaminepentaacetate-D-Phe-pentetreotide scintigraphy in the localization of ectopic adrenocorticotropinsecreting tumors causing Cushing’s syndrome. J. Clin. Endocrinol. Metab. 2004; 89: 2214–2221.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Pacak K., Ilias I., Chen C.C. et al. The role of [18F]fluorodeoxyglucose positron emission tomography and [111In]diethylenetriaminepentaacetate-D-Phe-pentetreotide scintigraphy in the localization of ectopic adrenocorticotropinsecreting tumors causing Cushing’s syndrome. J. Clin. Endocrinol. Metab. 2004; 89: 2214–2221.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit15"><label>15</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Waintrop C., Tenenbaum F., Coulot J. et al. Image in endocrinology: localization of an occult adrenocorticotropinsecreting carcinoid tumor with somatostatin receptor scintigraphy using single-photon emission computed tomography/computed tomographic image scanning. J. Clin. Endocrinol. Metab. 2006; 91: 3271–3272.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Waintrop C., Tenenbaum F., Coulot J. et al. Image in endocrinology: localization of an occult adrenocorticotropinsecreting carcinoid tumor with somatostatin receptor scintigraphy using single-photon emission computed tomography/computed tomographic image scanning. J. Clin. Endocrinol. Metab. 2006; 91: 3271–3272.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit16"><label>16</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Sookur P.A., Sahdev A., Rockall A.G. et al. Imaging in covert ectopic ACTH secretion: a CT pictorial review. Eur. Radiol. 2009; 19: 1069–1078.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Sookur P.A., Sahdev A., Rockall A.G. et al. Imaging in covert ectopic ACTH secretion: a CT pictorial review. Eur. Radiol. 2009; 19: 1069–1078.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit17"><label>17</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Shrager J.B., Wright C.D., Wain J.C. et al. Bronchopulmonary carcinoid tumors associated with Cushing's syndrome: a more aggressive variant of typical carcinoid. J. Thorac. Cardiovasc. Surg. 1997; 114: 367–375.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Shrager J.B., Wright C.D., Wain J.C. et al. Bronchopulmonary carcinoid tumors associated with Cushing's syndrome: a more aggressive variant of typical carcinoid. J. Thorac. Cardiovasc. Surg. 1997; 114: 367–375.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit18"><label>18</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Torpy D.J., Chen C.C., Mullen N. et al. Lack of utility of (111)In-pentetreotide scintigraphy in localizing ectopic ACTH producing tumors: follow-up of 18 patients. J. Clin. Endocrinol. Metab. 1999; 84: 1186–1192.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Torpy D.J., Chen C.C., Mullen N. et al. Lack of utility of (111)In-pentetreotide scintigraphy in localizing ectopic ACTH producing tumors: follow-up of 18 patients. J. Clin. Endocrinol. Metab. 1999; 84: 1186–1192.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit19"><label>19</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Castellani M., Ambrosi B. Difficulties in diagnosis and treatment of ectopic ACTH-producing tumors of the chest. Eur. J. Cardiothorac. Surg. 2002; 21: 149–151.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Castellani M., Ambrosi B. Difficulties in diagnosis and treatment of ectopic ACTH-producing tumors of the chest. Eur. J. Cardiothorac. Surg. 2002; 21: 149–151.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit20"><label>20</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Sundin A., Garske U., Orlefors H. Nuclear imaging of neuroendocrine tumours. Best Practice &amp; Research Clinical Endocrinology &amp; Metabolism 2007; 21: 69–85.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Sundin A., Garske U., Orlefors H. Nuclear imaging of neuroendocrine tumours. Best Practice &amp; Research Clinical Endocrinology &amp; Metabolism 2007; 21: 69–85.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit21"><label>21</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Kaltsas G., Korbonits M., Heintz E. et al. Comparison of somatostatin analog and meta-iodobenzylguanidine radionuclides in the diagnosis and localization of advanced neuroendocrine tumors. J. Clin. Endocrinol. Metab. 2001; 86: 895–902.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Kaltsas G., Korbonits M., Heintz E. et al. Comparison of somatostatin analog and meta-iodobenzylguanidine radionuclides in the diagnosis and localization of advanced neuroendocrine tumors. J. Clin. Endocrinol. Metab. 2001; 86: 895–902.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit22"><label>22</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Van der Harst E., De Herder W.W., Bruining H.A. et al. [123I]Metaiodobenzylguanidine and [111In]Octreotide uptake in benign and malignant pheochromocytomas. J. Clin. Endocrinol. Metab. 2001; 86: 685–693.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Van der Harst E., De Herder W.W., Bruining H.A. et al. [123I]Metaiodobenzylguanidine and [111In]Octreotide uptake in benign and malignant pheochromocytomas. J. Clin. Endocrinol. Metab. 2001; 86: 685–693.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit23"><label>23</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">De Herder W.W., Lamberts S.W. Octapeptide somatostatinanalogue therapy of Cushing's syndrome. Postgrad. Med. J. 1999; 75: 65–66.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">De Herder W.W., Lamberts S.W. Octapeptide somatostatinanalogue therapy of Cushing's syndrome. Postgrad. Med. J. 1999; 75: 65–66.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit24"><label>24</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Xu H., Zhang M., Zhai G. et al. The role of integrated 18F-FDG PET/CT in identification of ectopic ACTH secretion tumors. Endocrinology. 2009; 36: 385–391.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Xu H., Zhang M., Zhai G. et al. The role of integrated 18F-FDG PET/CT in identification of ectopic ACTH secretion tumors. Endocrinology. 2009; 36: 385–391.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit25"><label>25</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Zemskova M.S., Gundabolu B., Sinaii N. et al. Utility of various functional and anatomic imaging modalities for detection of ectopic adrenocorticotropin-secreting tumors. J. Clin. Endocrinol. Metab. 2010; 95: 1207–1219.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Zemskova M.S., Gundabolu B., Sinaii N. et al. Utility of various functional and anatomic imaging modalities for detection of ectopic adrenocorticotropin-secreting tumors. J. Clin. Endocrinol. Metab. 2010; 95: 1207–1219.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit26"><label>26</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">De Perrot M., Spiliopoulos A., Fischer S. et al. Neuroendocrine carcinoma (carcinoid) of the thymus associated with Cushing’s syndrome. Ann. Thorac. Surg. 2002; 73: 675–681.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">De Perrot M., Spiliopoulos A., Fischer S. et al. Neuroendocrine carcinoma (carcinoid) of the thymus associated with Cushing’s syndrome. Ann. Thorac. Surg. 2002; 73: 675–681.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit27"><label>27</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Rufini V., Calcagni M.L., Baum R.P. Imaging of neuroendocrine tumors. Semin. Nucl. Med. 2006; 36: 228–247.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Rufini V., Calcagni M.L., Baum R.P. Imaging of neuroendocrine tumors. Semin. Nucl. Med. 2006; 36: 228–247.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref></ref-list><fn-group><fn fn-type="conflict"><p>The authors declare that there are no conflicts of interest present.</p></fn></fn-group></back></article>
