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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">endoserg</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Эндокринная хирургия</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Endocrine Surgery</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">2306-3513</issn><issn pub-type="epub">2310-3965</issn><publisher><publisher-name>Типография «Печатных дел Мастер»</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.14341/serg2016218-28</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">endoserg-8161</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>Клиническая лекция</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>Clinical lecture</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Визуализация надпочечников: о чем должен быть осведомлен клиницист?</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Adrenal imaging: what the clinician should be informed on?</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4874-7835</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Волкова</surname><given-names>Наталья Ивановна</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Volkova</surname><given-names>Natalya I.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>д.м.н., профессор, проректор по научной работе, заведующая кафедрой внутренних болезней №3, заведующая отделением терапии (эндокринологический профиль коек)</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Ph.D., professor of medicine, vice rector for scientific work, chief of the department of internal diseases No. 3, chief of the department of therapy (endocrinologic profile)</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">volkova_ni@rostgmu.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5383-4752</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Поркшеян</surname><given-names>Мария Игоревна</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Porksheyan</surname><given-names>Mariya S.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>кандидат медицинских наук, доцент кафедры внутренних болезней №3, врач-эндокринолог</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Ph.D., associate professor of internal Diseases No. 3, endocrinologist</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">maria.i.antonenko@gmail.com</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>ФГБОУ ВО Ростовский государственный медицинский университет Минздрава России</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Rostov State Medical University</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2016</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>18</day><month>10</month><year>2016</year></pub-date><volume>10</volume><issue>2</issue><issue-title>Том 10, №2(2016)</issue-title><fpage>18</fpage><lpage>28</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Волкова Н.И., Поркшеян М.И., 2016</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2016</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Волкова Н.И., Поркшеян М.И.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Volkova N.I., Porksheyan M.S.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://www.surg-endojournals.ru/jour/article/view/8161">https://www.surg-endojournals.ru/jour/article/view/8161</self-uri><abstract><p>На сегодняшний день наблюдается “пандемия” так называемых инциденталом надпочечников. Частота выявления инциденталом составляет около 4–6% в общей популяции и 9–13% среди пациентов с диагностированными онкологическими заболеваниями и, очевидно, будет увеличиваться по мере совершенствования визуализирующих методов диагностики и повышения их доступности. С помощью современных аппаратов компьютерной томографии (КТ) и магнитно-резонансной томографии (МРТ) и использования уже разработанных и стандартизованных протоколов исследования надпочечников в большинстве случаев можно выставить точный диагноз. Таким образом, ключевую роль в определении природы образований надпочечников и соответственно дальнейшей тактики ведения играет специалист лучевой диагностики.</p><p>Однако в реальной клинической практике складывается иная ситуация. С одной стороны, зачастую не соблюдаются протоколы исследования и, как следствие, заключения рентгенологов в случае наличия образования надпочечников носят либо примитивный описательный характер – “образование правого надпочечника 3 см”, либо неграмотный. С другой стороны, даже когда описание исследования выполнено корректно, в большинстве случаев клиницист не знает, почему именно это исследование необходимо проводить, какие у него преимущества перед другими методами визуализации и как интерпретировать описание и заключение.</p><p>Учитывая высокую распространенность инциденталом надпочечников и сложившуюся ситуацию, необходимо, чтобы клинический врач владел базовыми знаниями о визуализации надпочечников, а также хорошо разбирался в возможностях различных визуализирующих методов.</p><p>В статье представлен полный обзор современных данных о преимуществах и недостатках КТ, МРТ и позитронно-эмиссионной томографии в дифференциальной диагностике образований надпочечников, описаны evidence-based протоколы исследований надпочечников, а также дана критическая оценка техникам, которые не должны использоваться в настоящее время.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><p>Nowadays there is a “pandemic” of so-called adrenal incidentalomas. The frequency of detection of incidentalomas is around 4–6% in general population and 9–13% among the patients with diagnosed oncological diseases. It is obvious that it will be increasing because of the development of methods of visualization and improving of their availability. In most cases there is possiblle to establish exact diagnosis by means of using of modern devices of computed tomography (CT) and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) with standardized study protocols for adrenal glands. Thus, radiologists play the key role in determining of the adrenal gland tumor nature and, consequently, further management of patients.</p><p>However, in real clinical practice there is another situation. On the one hand, study protocols are often not followed and, as a consequence, the conclusions of radiologists are either primitive descriptive such as “formation of the right adrenal gland 3 cm”, or illiterate. On the other hand, even when the description is correct, in most cases the clinicians do not know which method of visualization should be chosen, the advantages over other methods and how to interpret the description and conclusion.</p><p>Because of high prevalence of incidentalomas and current situation, it is necessary that physicians have basic knowledge of adrenal visualization and should be well versed in the capabilities of different visualization methods.</p><p>The article provides, firstly, the review of modern data on opportunities of CT, MRI and PET in differential diagnostics of adrenal lesions, secondly, the description of evidence-based protocols for study adrenals, and, thirdly, critical review of techniques that shouldn&amp;apos;t be used nowadays.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>Инциденталома надпочечника</kwd><kwd>адренокортикальная аденома</kwd><kwd>адренокортикальный рак</kwd><kwd>компьютерная томография</kwd><kwd>магнитно-резонансная томография</kwd><kwd>позитронно-эмиссионная томография</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>Adrenal incidentaloma</kwd><kwd>adrenocortical adenoma</kwd><kwd>adrenocortical carcinoma</kwd><kwd>magnetic resonance imaging</kwd><kwd>computed tomography</kwd><kwd>positron emission tomography</kwd></kwd-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Бельцевич Д.Г., Кузнецов Н.С., Солдатова Т.В., Ванушко В.Э. 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