Диабетическая дистальная полинейропатия

Нейропатия одно из самых частых хронических осложнений сахарного диабета (СД), выявляемое почти у 50 % пациентов [27, 50, 77, 166]. Клинические проявления широко варьируют и могут затрагивать разные специальности от дерматологии до подиатрии, от урологии до кардиологии. Диабетическая нейропатия (ДН) наличие симптомов и/или признаков дисфункции периферической нервной системы у лиц с СД при исключении других возможных причин [23]. Диагноз нейропатии не может быть установлен без предварительного и тщательного клинического обследования, при этом отсутствие симптомов не говорит об отсутствии нейропатии, поскольку часто встречается бессимптомная нейропатия. Важность исключения других причин развития ДН была подчеркнута в Рочестерском исследовании, в котором примерно 10% больных СД имели нейропатии другой, не связанной с СД, этиологии [50]. Диагноз ДН правомочен при наличии минимум двух отклонений (наличие симптомов, нарушение чувствительности, нарушение нервной проводимости, изменения количественных сенсорных или автономных тестов) [54].

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